What this deck covers
Renal Tubular Acidosis and the Tubulopathies in Children in 18 board-style clinical cases with worked explanations. Each case gives you a clinical vignette, four options, the correct answer, and an explanation of why each of the other three is wrong, with the guideline or textbook it follows named on the answer.
Board-style teaching questions for paediatricians and trainees preparing for board, MRCPCH and Prometric examinations. Written from published guidelines and standard paediatric textbooks, with the source named on every answer.
The 18 cases, in order
- Urine that will not turn acid
- Acid urine only when it drops low
- Losing everything at once
- An acidosis with a high potassium
- The first calculation to do
- Telling gut from kidney
- Polyhydramnios and a salt craving
- Cramps, spasm and a low magnesium
- Two children, one blood picture
- Salt lost through the skin
- Soaked nappies and a high sodium
- The counter-intuitive treatment
- Crystals in the cornea
- Bowed legs and a low phosphate
- Whether her height can recover
- Bright medullae on the scan
- Sorting them by three numbers
- Failing to thrive and drinking hard
Diagnoses and management options tested
Across the 18 cases you are asked to choose between options such as: Distal renal tubular acidosis, Type 1, distal, Nephrotic syndrome, Type 1, from failure of distal acid secretion, It is raised, so an unmeasured acid is present, The urinary anion gap, Gitelman syndrome, Bartter syndrome, Serum magnesium and urine calcium, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, Diabetes mellitus, High-dose desmopressin, Cysteamine, Nutritional vitamin D deficiency rickets.
Clinical pearls from this deck
- Nephrocalcinosis with an acidosis points to type 1; the alkaline urine is what lets the calcium fall out.
- Type 2 acidifies the urine once the bicarbonate is low enough; type 1 never does.
- Glycosuria with a normal blood glucose is a tubular sign, not a diabetic one.
- Look at the potassium first: high means type 4, low means type 1 or 2.
- Calculate the anion gap before anything else; it halves the differential in one subtraction.
- A NEGative urinary anion gap points to the GUT; positive points to the kidney.
Work through the deck once for recognition, then again a week later to test yourself — each question gives the answer and explains why every other option fails.
More from this system: all nephrology case decks · pediatric reference values.
