Respiratory – Set 1

What this deck covers

Respiratory – Set 1 in 50 board-style clinical cases with worked explanations. Each case gives you a clinical vignette, four options, the correct answer, and an explanation of why each of the other three is wrong, with the guideline or textbook it follows named on the answer.

Board-style teaching questions for paediatricians and trainees preparing for paediatric board, MRCPCH and licensing examinations. Written from published guidelines and standard paediatric textbooks, with the source named on every answer.

The 50 cases, in order

1. Fast breathing and an expiratory grunt
2. Percussing a quiet left base
3. Grey, drowsy infant with a low pH
4. Sandpaper rash after a sore throat
5. Noisy breaths that ease lying prone
6. Agent behind a toddler’s croup
7. Toxic, drooling and leaning forward
8. Commonest reason for an urgent scope
9. Mediastinum drawn to the dull side
10. CT before opening a blocked nose
11. Nursery toddler with a cold each month
12. Which cause of stridor does not fit
13. Choking on nuts, then wheeze
14. A sound at the end of each exhalation
15. Seal-like cough waking a toddler
16. Rattle on breathing out since birth
17. Drowsy on morphine after surgery
18. Unimmunised toddler, red swelling
19. Months of wet cough shared at home
20. A dark patch in the left upper chest
21. Croup that turns toxic overnight
22. When the toddler cannot breathe out
23. Heart border far across the chest
24. Sneezing four-month-old who feeds well
25. Third midnight bark, eczema too
26. Upper limit of the gradient in air
27. One dark lung after a choking fit
28. Lateral neck film of a drooling boy
29. Oxygen transfer on 60% oxygen
30. Does a barking toddler need an X-ray
31. Complications to watch for at 7 weeks
32. Months of wet cough, abnormal fingers
33. Blue at feeds, pink when crying
34. Pus and membranes below the cords
35. Tiring child, saturation looks fine
36. Five weeks of untreated whooping
37. Weak bark, pauses and dusky colour
38. Third pneumonia in the same lobe
39. Intubated girl: which drug next
40. One setting to fix both gases
41. Popcorn, then a hoarse cry
42. Immunised boy, cherry-red supraglottis
43. Seven weeks of a rattly cough
44. Settled after a nebuliser: when home
45. Ventilated girl with a normal pH
46. Blocked nose, iris gap and a murmur
47. Occasional bark, calm and pink
48. Noisy both ways after a long tube
49. Unwitnessed cough among small toys
50. A toddler at home with no vaccines

Diagnoses and management options tested

Across the fifty cases you are asked to choose between options such as: The supraglottic larynx, above the cords, Staphylococcus aureus, Retropharyngeal abscess, A purely membranous atresia plate, Left main bronchus, Laryngomalacia, Persistent adenovirus infection, A lateral chest film, Viral laryngotracheobronchitis, A ragged, irregular tracheal outline, Apnoea, Haemophilus influenzae type b, A lateral neck film before any treatment is given, Raise the FiO2.

Clinical pearls from this deck

• Stridor in: above the thoracic inlet. Wheeze out: below it.
• Dull is fluid or solid lung; hyper-resonant is air.
• Acidosis from failing breathing is treated by breathing for the child.
• Sandpaper rash after a sore throat: Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Louder supine, quieter prone: laryngomalacia.
• Bark at night after a cold: think parainfluenza.

Work through the deck once for recognition, then again a week later to test yourself — each question gives the answer and explains why every other option fails.

More from this system: all respiratory case decks · pediatric reference values.