Hyperthyroidism and Thyroid Nodules in Children – 18 Board-Style Questions

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What this deck covers

Hyperthyroidism and Thyroid Nodules in 18 board-style clinical cases with worked explanations. Each case gives you a clinical vignette, four options, the correct answer, and an explanation of why each of the other three is wrong, with the guideline or textbook it follows named on the answer.

Board-style teaching questions for paediatricians and trainees preparing for board, MRCPCH and Prometric examinations. Written from published guidelines and standard paediatric textbooks, with the source named on every answer.

The 18 cases, in order

  1. Hot, thin and shaking
  2. The numbers that settle it
  3. Proving why it is overactive
  4. What to say about the eyes
  5. The one thing they must remember
  6. A phone call about a fever
  7. The other tablet and its risk
  8. Something for the meantime
  9. A steadier way to control it
  10. What happens when tablets stop
  11. A permanent answer for a big gland
  12. The point it becomes an emergency
  13. Which drug goes in when
  14. How soon trouble shows
  15. How long it lasts
  16. A single lump in a child
  17. A hard lump with hard nodes
  18. One lump doing all the work

Diagnoses and management options tested

Across the 18 cases you are asked to choose between options such as: A toxic solitary nodule, A suppressed TSH with a raised free T4, Serum thyroglobulin, Eye disease always worsens once treatment begins, Avoid all dairy products while taking it, Continue the drug and take paracetamol, It must be given four times every day, A beta blocker for symptom control, Stopping the drug and using iodine drops instead, Lasting remission in nearly all children, Long-term beta blockade as the only treatment, Thyroid storm, Iodine on its own is sufficient, Only if the mother is currently thyrotoxic herself.

Clinical pearls from this deck

  • A bruit over the thyroid means blood is pouring through it. That is Graves disease, not a nodule.
  • Send a free T3 too, or T3 toxicosis will be reported to you as a normal thyroid.
  • The same antibody diagnoses the mother, predicts her relapse, and predicts her baby’s thyroid.
  • Tell the family about smoking. It is the one thing they can change that affects the eyes.
  • Sore throat on carbimazole means stop and count today. Say it out loud and write it down.
  • Stop first, count second. Waiting for the result before stopping is what kills these children.

Work through the deck once for recognition, then again a week later to test yourself — each question gives the answer and explains why every other option fails.

More from this system: all Endocrinology Board Questions case decks · pediatric reference values.

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